N₂ Buffer Tank: Ububiko bwa Azote bukoreshwa mubikorwa byinganda
Inyungu y'ibicuruzwa
Ibigega bya azote nibintu byingenzi muri sisitemu ya azote. Iyi tank ishinzwe kubungabunga umuvuduko ukabije wa azote no gutembera muri sisitemu, ikareba imikorere myiza. Gusobanukirwa ibiranga ikigega cya azote ni ingenzi kugirango umenye neza imikorere yacyo.
Kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi biranga azote yo kubaga ni ubunini bwayo. Ingano yikigega igomba kuba ihagije kugirango ibike azote ikwiye kugirango ihuze ibikenewe na sisitemu. Ingano yikigega iterwa nibintu nkigipimo gisabwa cyogukurikirana nigihe cyo gukora. Ikigega cya azote cyo kuba gito cyane gishobora kuvamo kuzura kenshi, bikavamo igihe cyo kugabanuka no kugabanya umusaruro. Kurundi ruhande, ikigega kinini ntigishobora kubahenze kuko gitwara umwanya munini nubutunzi.
Ikindi kintu cyingenzi kiranga azote yo kubaga ni igipimo cyayo. Ibigega bigomba gutegurwa kugirango bihangane n’umuvuduko wa azote ubikwa kandi ukwirakwizwa. Uru rutonde rwemeza umutekano w'ikigega kandi rukarinda ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose gishobora kumeneka cyangwa kunanirwa. Nibyingenzi kugisha inama umuhanga cyangwa uwabikoze kugirango umenye neza ko igipimo cyumuvuduko wikigega cyujuje ibisabwa bya sisitemu ya azote.
Ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu kubaka ikigega cya azote nacyo ni ikintu cyingenzi tugomba gusuzuma. Ibigega byo kubikamo bigomba kubakwa mubikoresho birwanya ruswa kugirango birinde imiti ishobora guterwa cyangwa kwangirika kwa azote. Ibikoresho nkibyuma bidafite ingese cyangwa ibyuma bya karubone bifatanye neza akenshi bikoreshwa bitewe nigihe kirekire kandi birwanya ruswa. Ibikoresho byatoranijwe bigomba guhuzwa na azote kugirango habeho kuramba no gukora.
Igishushanyo cya tanki ya N₂ nayo igira uruhare runini mubiranga. Ibigega byateguwe neza bigomba kubamo ibintu byemerera gukora neza no kubungabunga. Kurugero, ibigega byo kubika bigomba kugira indangagaciro zikwiye, igipimo cyumuvuduko nibikoresho byumutekano kugirango harebwe uburyo bworoshye bwo kugenzura no kugenzura. Kandi, reba niba ikigega cyoroshye kugenzura no kubungabunga, kuko ibi bizagira ingaruka kuramba no kwizerwa.
Kwishyiriraho neza no kuyitaho nibyingenzi kugirango ugabanye ibiranga ikigega cya azote. Ibigega bigomba gushyirwaho neza hakurikijwe amabwiriza yakozwe n'ababikora. Ibikorwa byo kugenzura no kubungabunga buri gihe, nko kugenzura ibimeneka, kwemeza imikorere ya valve no gusuzuma urwego rwumuvuduko, bigomba gukorwa kugirango hamenyekane ibibazo byose bishobora kuvuka cyangwa kwangirika. Byihuse, ingamba zikwiye zigomba gufatwa kugirango ikibazo gikemuke kugirango hirindwe sisitemu no gukomeza gukora neza.
Muri rusange imikorere yikigega cya azote yibasiwe nibiranga bitandukanye, bigenwa cyane cyane nibisabwa byihariye bya sisitemu ya azote. Gusobanukirwa neza nibi biranga bituma guhitamo tankeri neza, kuyishyiraho, no kuyitaho, bikavamo sisitemu ya azote ikora neza kandi yizewe.
Muri make, ibiranga ikigega cya azote, harimo ubunini bwacyo, igipimo cyumuvuduko, ibikoresho, nigishushanyo, bigira ingaruka zikomeye kumikorere ya sisitemu ya azote. Kuzirikana neza ibyo biranga byemeza ko ikigega gifite ubunini bukwiye, bushobora guhangana n’umuvuduko, cyubatswe n’ibikoresho bidashobora kwangirika, kandi gifite imiterere yabugenewe. Kwishyiriraho no gufata neza ibigega byo kubika ni ngombwa kimwe kugirango bigerweho neza kandi neza. Mugusobanukirwa no kunoza ibyo biranga, ibigega bya azote bishobora kugira uruhare muri rusange muri sisitemu ya azote.
Ibicuruzwa
Gukoresha ibigega bya azote (N₂) nibyingenzi mubikorwa byinganda aho umuvuduko no kugenzura ubushyuhe ari ngombwa. Igenewe kugenzura ihindagurika ry’umuvuduko no kwemeza gazi ihagaze neza, ibigega bya azote bigira uruhare runini mu bikorwa bitandukanye mu nganda nk’imiti, imiti, peteroli n’inganda.
Igikorwa cyibanze cyikigega cya azote ni ukubika azote kurwego rwumuvuduko runaka, mubisanzwe hejuru yumuvuduko wa sisitemu. Azote yabitswe noneho ikoreshwa kugirango yishyure ibitonyanga bishobora kugabanuka bitewe nimpinduka zikenewe cyangwa impinduka zitangwa na gaze. Mugukomeza umuvuduko uhamye, tanks ya buffer yorohereza imikorere ya sisitemu ikomeza, ikumira ibibangamira cyangwa inenge mubikorwa.
Bumwe mu buryo bugaragara bukoreshwa mu bigega bya azote ni mu gukora imiti. Muri uru ruganda, kugenzura neza igitutu ni ingenzi kugirango habeho imiti itekanye kandi ikora neza. Ibigega byo kubaga byinjijwe muri sisitemu yo gutunganya imiti bifasha guhagarika ihindagurika ry’umuvuduko, bityo bikagabanya ibyago by’impanuka kandi bigatuma ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga bihoraho. Byongeye kandi, tanks yo kubaga itanga isoko ya azote kubikorwa byo gupfunyika, aho gukuramo ogisijeni ari ngombwa kugirango wirinde okiside cyangwa izindi ngaruka zitifuzwa.
Mu nganda zimiti, ibigega bya azote bikoreshwa cyane mukubungabunga ibidukikije neza mubyumba bisukuye na laboratoire. Ibigega bitanga isoko yizewe ya azote mubikorwa bitandukanye, birimo ibikoresho byoza, kwirinda kwanduza no gukomeza ubusugire bwibicuruzwa. Mugucunga neza igitutu, ibigega bya azote bigira uruhare mukugenzura ubuziranenge no kubahiriza amabwiriza yinganda, bikagira umutungo wingenzi mubikorwa bya farumasi.
Ibikomoka kuri peteroli bikubiyemo gukora ibintu byinshi bihindagurika kandi byaka. Kubwibyo, umutekano ni ngombwa kuri ibyo bigo. Ibigega bya azote bikoreshwa hano mu rwego rwo kwirinda ibisasu cyangwa umuriro. Mugukomeza umuvuduko mwinshi, tanks yo kubaga irinda ibikoresho byokwangirika bishobora guterwa nimpinduka zitunguranye zumuvuduko wa sisitemu.
Usibye inganda zikora imiti, imiti n’amavuta ya peteroli, ibigega bya azote bikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byo gukora bisaba kugenzura neza umuvuduko, nko gukora amamodoka, gutunganya ibiryo n'ibinyobwa, hamwe no gukoresha ikirere. Muri izo nganda, ibigega bya azote bifasha kugumana umuvuduko uhoraho muri sisitemu zitandukanye zifata umusonga, bigatuma imikorere idahwitse yimashini nibikoresho bikomeye.
Mugihe uhitamo azote yo kubaga azote kugirango ikoreshwe, hagomba gusuzumwa ibintu byinshi. Ibi bintu birimo ubushobozi bwa tank isabwa, urwego rwumuvuduko nibikoresho byubwubatsi. Ni ngombwa guhitamo ikigega gishobora guhaza bihagije ibikenerwa n’umuvuduko wa sisitemu, mu gihe hanarebwa ibintu nko kurwanya ruswa, guhuza n’ibidukikije bikora, no kubahiriza amabwiriza.
Muri make, ibigega bya azote ni ikintu cy'ingenzi mu nganda zinyuranye zikoreshwa mu nganda, zitanga imbaraga zikenewe kugira ngo ibikorwa bikore neza kandi neza. Ubushobozi bwabwo bwo kwishyura ihindagurika ryumuvuduko no gutanga umuvuduko wa azote bituma uba umutungo wingenzi mu nganda aho kugenzura neza no kwizerwa ari ngombwa. Mu gushora imari mu kigega gikwiye cya azote, amasosiyete arashobora kongera imikorere ikora, kugabanya ingaruka, no gukomeza ubusugire bw’umusaruro, amaherezo bikagira uruhare mu gutsinda muri rusange mu bijyanye n’inganda zihiganwa muri iki gihe.
Uruganda
Urubuga rwo kugenda
Urubuga
| Gushushanya ibipimo nibisabwa tekinike | ||||||||
| inomero y'uruhererekane | umushinga | kontineri | ||||||
| 1 | Ibipimo nibisobanuro byo gushushanya, gukora, kugerageza no kugenzura | 1. GB / T150.1 ~ 150.4-2011 “Ibikoresho by'ingutu”. 2. 3. NB / T47015-2011 “Amabwiriza yo gusudira ku bikoresho by'ingutu”. | ||||||
| 2 | gushushanya igitutu MPa | 5.0 | ||||||
| 3 | igitutu cy'akazi | MPa | 4.0 | |||||
| 4 | shiraho igihe gito ℃ | 80 | ||||||
| 5 | Ubushyuhe bwo gukora ℃ | 20 | ||||||
| 6 | giciriritse | Umwuka / Ntabwo ari uburozi / Itsinda rya kabiri | ||||||
| 7 | Ibikoresho nyamukuru byingutu | Icyiciro cy'icyuma kandi gisanzwe | Q345R GB / T713-2014 | |||||
| reba | / | |||||||
| 8 | Ibikoresho byo gusudira | gusudira arc gusudira | H10Mn2 + SJ101 | |||||
| Gazi yicyuma arc gusudira, argon tungsten arc gusudira, electrode arc gusudira | ER50-6, J507 | |||||||
| 9 | Coefficient ya Weld ihuriweho | 1.0 | ||||||
| 10 | Gutakaza gutahura | Andika A, B uhuza ibice | NB / T47013.2-2015 | 100% X-ray, Icyiciro cya II, Ikoranabuhanga rya Detection Icyiciro AB | ||||
| NB / T47013.3-2015 | / | |||||||
| A, B, C, D, E ubwoko bwasuditswe | NB / T47013.4-2015 | Kugenzura ibice 100% bya magnetique, urwego | ||||||
| 11 | Amafaranga yo kwangirika mm | 1 | ||||||
| 12 | Kubara umubyimba mm | Cylinder: 17.81 Umutwe: 17.69 | ||||||
| 13 | ingano yuzuye m³ | 5 | ||||||
| 14 | Kuzuza ibintu | / | ||||||
| 15 | kuvura ubushyuhe | / | ||||||
| 16 | Ibyiciro byabigenewe | Icyiciro cya II | ||||||
| 17 | Igishushanyo mbonera cya Seisimike hamwe n amanota | urwego 8 | ||||||
| 18 | Igishushanyo mbonera cyumuyaga hamwe numuvuduko wumuyaga | Umuvuduko wumuyaga 850Pa | ||||||
| 19 | igitutu cy'ikizamini | Ikizamini cya Hydrostatike (ubushyuhe bwamazi butari munsi ya 5 ° C) MPa | / | |||||
| ikizamini cy'umuvuduko w'ikirere MPa | 5.5 (Azote) | |||||||
| Ikizamini cyo gukomera kwikirere | MPa | / | ||||||
| 20 | Ibikoresho byumutekano nibikoresho | igipimo cy'umuvuduko | Hamagara: 100mm Urwego: 0 ~ 10MPa | |||||
| indangagaciro z'umutekano | shiraho igitutu ： MPa | 4.4 | ||||||
| diameter nominal | DN40 | |||||||
| 21 | gusukura hejuru | JB / T6896-2007 | ||||||
| 22 | Gutegura ubuzima bwa serivisi | Imyaka 20 | ||||||
| 23 | Gupakira no kohereza | Ukurikije amabwiriza ya NB / T10558-2021 “Umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi hamwe no gupakira ibintu” | ||||||
| "Icyitonderwa: 1. Ibikoresho bigomba kuba bihagaze neza, kandi birwanya ubutaka bigomba kuba ≤10Ω.2. Ibi bikoresho bigenzurwa buri gihe hakurikijwe ibisabwa na TSG 21-2016 “Amabwiriza agenga umutekano wa tekiniki yo kugenzura umutekano w’amato ahagarara”. Iyo umubare wangirika wibikoresho ugeze ku giciro cyagenwe mugushushanya mbere yigihe cyo gukoresha ibikoresho, bizahita bihagarikwa.3. Icyerekezo cya nozzle kireba mu cyerekezo cya A. “ | ||||||||
| Imeza | ||||||||
| ikimenyetso | Ingano y'izina | Ingano yubunini busanzwe | Guhuza ubwoko bwubuso | intego cyangwa izina | ||||
| A | DN80 | HG / T 20592-2009 WN80 (B) -63 | RF | gufata ikirere | ||||
| B | / | M20 × 1.5 | Uburyo bw'ikinyugunyugu | Imigaragarire | ||||
| ( | DN80 | HG / T 20592-2009 WN80 (B) -63 | RF | ikirere | ||||
| D | DN40 | / | gusudira | Imigaragarire yumutekano | ||||
| E | DN25 | / | gusudira | Umwanda | ||||
| F | DN40 | HG / T 20592-2009 WN40 (B) -63 | RF | umunwa wa termometero | ||||
| M | DN450 | HG / T 20615-2009 S0450-300 | RF | manhole | ||||
